4year UG courses in, M.Phil.
out in new education policy
Common higher education regulator to be set up; focus on mother tongue
The new National Education
Policy approved by the Union Cabinet on Wednesday
will introduce fouryear undergraduate degrees with
multiple entry and exit options, abolish the M.Phil. degree, and establish a common higher education
regulator with fee fixation
for both private and public
institutions. It also envisions
universalisation of early
childhood education from
ages 3 to 6 by 2030, a new
school curriculum with coding and vocational studies
from Class 6, and a child’s
mother tongue being used as
the medium of instruction
till Class 5.
This is the first new education policy in 34 years, and
was a poll promise of the BJP
in 2014. A panel headed by
former ISRO chief K. Kasturirangan submitted a draft in
December 2018, which was
made public and opened for
feedback after the Lok Sabha
election in May 2019.
Language issues
Language issues caused the
most outrage at that time, as
the original draft called for
mandatory teaching of Hindi
to all school students. That
clause was dropped and the
final policy document makes
it clear that “there will be a
greater flexibility in the
threelanguage formula, and
no language will be imposed
on any State. The three languages learned by children
will be the choices of States,
regions, and of course the
students themselves, so long
as at least two of the three
languages are native to India.
Sanskrit will be offered as an
option at all levels of school
and higher education,” said
the policy, adding that other
classical languages will also
be available, possibly as online modules, while foreign
languages will be offered at
the secondary level.
“Wherever possible, the
medium of instruction until
at least Grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond,
will be the home language/
mother tongue/ local language/ regional language ...
This will be followed by both
public and private schools,”
said the policy.
Senior officials said that as
education was a concurrent
subject, with most States
having their own school
boards, State governments
would have to be brought on
board for actual implementation of this decision.
A new curricular framework is to be introduced, including the preschool and
anganwadi years. A National
Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy will ensure basic skills at the Class 3
level by 2025. Students will
begin classes on coding as
well as vocational activities
from Class 6 onwards. Indian
knowledge systems, including tribal and indigenous knowledge, will be incorporated into the curriculum in
an accurate and scientific
manner, said the policy
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